Association of COVID-19 severity with interleukin-10 in Babylon Governorate, Iraq

Abstract

Aim: Cytokines serve as crucial for regulating infection when a virus, such COVID-19, is present. Cytokine genetic polymorphisms can change how the immune system reacts to this infection. Researchers have focused more on the hyper-inflammatory response than the anti-inflammatory compensatory action. This study aim to investigate the relationship between this parameters (Age, gender, blood group, vaccine and geographic distribution) in the two study groups both severe and mild COVID-19 recovered subjects and detection of IL-10 concentration level in severe and non-severe patient with COVID-19. Methodology and results: The study was performed on the months of November and December 2022, 76 (100%) patients who were treated at the Marjan teaching hospital in the province of Babylon served as the study's subjects. Age, gender, geographic distribution, the ABO system, vaccination, and IL-10 concentration are just a few of the demographic data that were included in the current study. A study found that COVID-19 cases were significantly different between severe and non-severe groups. The prevalence was higher in those aged 18-25 years (31.6%) and 25-40 years (14.4%), and 40-60 years (3.9%). Gender was also a factor, with more male patients reporting a non-severe rate of 31.6% and a severe rate of 33.3%. Geo-graphic location was not significantly related to disease severity, but there was a significant difference in both non-severe and severe effects for rural and urban areas. There was no significant difference between non-severe and severe cases. Blood type O was the most common blood type, with 24.7% of severe cases.

Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Older people are more likely to have severe COVID-19 instances, and rates are higher in males and rural areas. Males are more likely than females to have severe instances, while rural areas are more likely than metropolitan areas to have severe cases. More severe diseases are associated with higher blood group type and IL-10 concentration levels.
Keywords: Covid-19, Interleukin-10, Blood group.