A study of tourism awareness among undergraduate students at the University of Jordan
Abstract
Table 8 shows that the t-test value was not statistically significant at less than or equal to the significance level (α≤0.05), which leads to the acceptance of the hypothesis that states that there are no statistically significant differences in the means of recognising tourist sites in Jordan due to the nationality variable: There are no statistically significant differences in the means of recognising tourist sites in Jordan due to the nationality variable at a significance level of α≤0.05.
Second main study hypothesis:
There are no statistically significant differences in the potential negative effects of tourism in Jordan due to personal variables at a significance level (α≤0.05).
First sub-hypothesis: There are no statistically significant differences in the potential negative effects of tourism in Jordan due to gender at the level of significance (α≤0.05). To test this hypothesis, the t-test was used for independent samples, see Table (9).
Table (9): T-test for independent samples for the effect of nationality
Source: Researcher's work, relying on SPSS software
Gender
Number
Mean
Standard Deviation
T
Significance Level
Male
344
4.12
1.009
0.539
0.614*
Female
78
4.33
1.981
It can be seen from Table (9) that the value of (t) was not statistically significant at a significance level less than or equal to (α≤0.05), which leads to the acceptance of the hypothesis that states that there are no statistically significant differences in the potential negative impacts of tourism in Jordan due to gender: There are no statistically significant differences in the potential negative effects of tourism in Jordan attributed to the gender variable at the significance level (α≤0.05).
The second sub-hypothesis: There are no statistically significant differences in the potential negative impacts of tourism in Jordan due to the gender variable at a significance level (α≤0.05). To test this hypothesis, the t-test was used for independent samples, see Table (10).
Table (10): T-test for independent samples for the effect of nationality
Source: The researcher's work, based on the SPSS software.
Nationality
Number
Mean
Standard Deviation
T
Significance Level
Jordanian
59
2.10
2.22
0.577
1.6*
Non-Jordanian
363
1.207
1.181
It is noted from Table (9) that the (t) value was not statistically significant at a significance level of less than or equal to (α≤0.05), leading to the acceptance of the hypothesis which states that: there are no statistically significant differences in the potential negative impacts of tourism in Jordan attributed to the nationality variable at a significance level of (α≤0.05).
Conclusions
One of the most important findings of this study is as follows:
1.There are no statistically significant differences in the means of identifying tourist sites in Jordan at a significance level (α≤0.05) attributed to the variables of gender and nationality.
2. The study indicated that the most important means of identifying tourist sites in Jordan are university curricula and programs that are sufficient to raise tourism awareness among students in Jordanian universities. the study highlighted that sufficient university curricula are the primary means of recognizing tourist sites in Jordan are sufficient university curricula and courses to spread tourism awareness among students in Jordanian universities.
3. The results showed that regarding the importance of tourism in Jordan from the perspective of university students, tourism awareness contributes to spreading culture and increasing international understanding. The results showed that regarding the importance of tourism in Jordan from the perspective of university students, tourism awareness contributes to spreading culture and increasing international understanding.
4. The study indicated that the potential negative impacts of tourism in Jordan include a cultural and tourism gap among many young people. The study indicated that the potential negative impacts of tourism in Jordan include a cultural and tourism gap among many young people.
5. The results indicated that the role played by the tourism authorities in Jordan involves the Ministry of Tourism facilitating financial support to raise tourism awareness among university students.
Recommendations:
Based on the aforementioned results, the study recommends the following:
1. The necessity of cooperation between the public and private sectors to develop tourist sites in Jordan.
2. Cooperation between the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities and other ministries to promote tourism awareness.
3. Introducing mandatory curricula for students at the University of Jordan that cover tourism, tourism awareness, and the most important tourist sites in Jordan.
4. Working on employing modern technologies and social media at the university to enhance tourism awareness.
5. Directing university activities to serve and develop tourism awareness among students.
References list
- Ibrahim, Sabah & Shuja, Asma (2022) Developing Tourism Awareness among Youth and Children in Basic Education Stages, Journal of the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Sadat City University, Issue (1), Volume (6), pp. 51-64.
- Bouabid, Sara (2022) The Role of Educational Corners in Developing Tourism Awareness Among Kindergarten Children from the Perspective of Teachers, The Arab Journal for Scientific Publishing, Vol. (3), No. (20), pp. 2663-5798.
- Al-Dosari, Afrah (2023) The Effectiveness of a Multimedia-Based Awareness Program in Developing Tourism Awareness Among Second Grade Primary School Students, Unpublished Master's Thesis, King Faisal University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Al-Ajlouni, Abdullah (2016) The Development of Tourism in Jordan: A Study of Tourism Awareness Among Students of Private Jordanian Universities, Case Study of Irbid National University and Jadara University, Journal of the Academy for Social and Human Studies, Issue (15), Volume (1), pp. 48-63.
- Al-Azazi, Tarek (2022) The Role of the University in Developing Tourism Awareness Among Its Students: A Case Study of Suez Canal University, International Journal of Heritage, Tourism, and Hospitality, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 376-414.
- Lotifa Baqouma & Warda Mahjoubi (2018) The Role of Media in Developing Tourism Awareness: The Algerian Tourist Newspaper as a Model, Unpublished Master's Thesis, Algeria.
- Al-Maamari, Saif & Al-Hadabiya, Ruqayyah (2022) The Level of Sustainable Tourism Awareness Among Ninth Grade Female Students at Al-Rumaith School for Basic Education, Sultan Qaboos University Journal, Issue (1), Volume (1), pp. 23-41.
- World Travel and Tourism Council, 2011.
- Shambling, D., Sihombing, M., Lubis, S., and Tarmizi, H. B. (2019)Community Tourism Awareness Influence Against Tourism Development And Regional Development In North Tapanuli Regency, Indonesia. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 10(3).
-van Niekerk, M., & Saayman, M. (2013). The influences of tourism awareness on the travel patterns and career choices of high school students in South Africa. Tourism Review, 68(4), 19-33.
-Al-Hazmi, N., & Hassan, Y. (2020). Barriers on marketing tourism services and their impacts on customer awareness. Management Science Letters, 10(11), 2603-2608.
-Andriansyah, A., Watriningsih, W., Hamzah, R. E., & Pertiwi, S. A. (2020). Building Tourism Awareness Areas With Local Wisdom. Petanda: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi dan Humaniora, 3(1), 40-53.
-Morales-Baños, V., Borrego-Balsalobre, F. J., Díaz-Suárez, A., & López-Gullón, J. M. (2023). Levels of sustainability awareness in Spanish university students of Nautical activities as future Managers of Sports and active Tourism programmes. Sustainability, 15(3), 2733.
-Nugroho, A. W., Prasetyo, S. I., Candra, I. A., Saputra, R. A., & Putra, A. S. (2023). Community-Based Tourism: Strengthening understanding and assistance in establishing tourism awareness group. Journal of Community Service and Empowerment, 4(2), 271-282.
-Saarinen, J. (2010). Local tourism awareness: community views in Katutura and King Nehale conservancy, Namibia. Development Southern Africa, 27(5), 713-724
-van Niekerk, M., & Saayman, M. (2013). The influences of tourism awareness on the travel patterns and career choices of high school students in South Africa. Tourism Review, 68(4), 19-33.
-Kristian, I. (2023). The Role of Tourism Awareness Groups in Increasing Tourist Visits in West Bandung Regency (Case Study at Ciburuy Tourism Object). The International Journal of Education Management and Sociology, 2(2), 78-83.
Al-Maamari,S&Ruqayya,A.(2022).The level of sustainable-tourism awareness among ninth-grade female students at Al-Rumais Basic. Education school,Sultan Qaboos Univeristy,lssue(1),Volume(1),PP.23-41.
Full text:
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Table 8 shows that the t-test value was not statistically significant at less than or equal to the significance level (α≤0.05), which leads to the acceptance of the hypothesis that states that there are no statistically significant differences in the means of recognising tourist sites in Jordan due to the nationality variable: There are no statistically significant differences in the means of recognising tourist sites in Jordan due to the nationality variable at a significance level of α≤0.05. Second main study hypothesis: There are no statistically significant differences in the potential negative effects of tourism in Jordan due to personal variables at a significance level (α≤0.05). First sub-hypothesis: There are no statistically significant differences in the potential negative effects of tourism in Jordan due to gender at the level of significance (α≤0.05). To test this hypothesis, the t-test was used for independent samples, see Table (9). Table (9): T-test for independent samples for the effect of nationality Gender Number Mean Standard Deviation T Significance Level Male 344 4.12 1.009 0.539 0.614* Female 78 4.33 1.981 Source: Researcher's work, relying on SPSS software It can be seen from Table (9) that the value of (t) was not statistically significant at a significance level less than or equal to (α≤0.05), which leads to the acceptance of the hypothesis that states that there are no statistically significant differences in the potential negative impacts of tourism in Jordan due to gender: There are no statistically significant differences in the potential negative effects of tourism in Jordan attributed to the gender variable at the significance level (α≤0.05). The second sub-hypothesis: There are no statistically significant differences in the potential negative impacts of tourism in Jordan due to the gender variable at a significance level (α≤0.05). To test this hypothesis, the t-test was used for independent samples, see Table (10). Table (10): T-test for independent samples for the effect of nationality Nationality Number Mean Standard Deviation T Significance Level Jordanian 59 2.10 2.22 0.577 1.6* Non-Jordanian 363 1.207 1.181 Source: The researcher's work, based on the SPSS software. It is noted from Table (9) that the (t) value was not statistically significant at a significance level of less than or equal to (α≤0.05), leading to the acceptance of the hypothesis which states that: there are no statistically significant differences in the potential negative impacts of tourism in Jordan attributed to the nationality variable at a significance level of (α≤0.05). Conclusions One of the most important findings of this study is as follows: 1.There are no statistically significant differences in the means of identifying tourist sites in Jordan at a significance level (α≤0.05) attributed to the variables of gender and nationality. 2. The study indicated that the most important means of identifying tourist sites in Jordan are university curricula and programs that are sufficient to raise tourism awareness among students in Jordanian universities. the study highlighted that sufficient university curricula are the primary means of recognizing tourist sites in Jordan are sufficient university curricula and courses to spread tourism awareness among students in Jordanian universities. 3. The results showed that regarding the importance of tourism in Jordan from the perspective of university students, tourism awareness contributes to spreading culture and increasing international understanding. The results showed that regarding the importance of tourism in Jordan from the perspective of university students, tourism awareness contributes to spreading culture and increasing international understanding. 4. The study indicated that the potential negative impacts of tourism in Jordan include a cultural and tourism gap among many young people. The study indicated that the potential negative impacts of tourism in Jordan include a cultural and tourism gap among many young people. 5. The results indicated that the role played by the tourism authorities in Jordan involves the Ministry of Tourism facilitating financial support to raise tourism awareness among university students. Recommendations: Based on the aforementioned results, the study recommends the following: 1. The necessity of cooperation between the public and private sectors to develop tourist sites in Jordan. 2. Cooperation between the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities and other ministries to promote tourism awareness. 3. Introducing mandatory curricula for students at the University of Jordan that cover tourism, tourism awareness, and the most important tourist sites in Jordan. 4. Working on employing modern technologies and social media at the university to enhance tourism awareness. 5. Directing university activities to serve and develop tourism awareness among students. References list - Ibrahim, Sabah & Shuja, Asma (2022) Developing Tourism Awareness among Youth and Children in Basic Education Stages, Journal of the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Sadat City University, Issue (1), Volume (6), pp. 51-64. - Bouabid, Sara (2022) The Role of Educational Corners in Developing Tourism Awareness Among Kindergarten Children from the Perspective of Teachers, The Arab Journal for Scientific Publishing, Vol. (3), No. (20), pp. 2663-5798. - Al-Dosari, Afrah (2023) The Effectiveness of a Multimedia-Based Awareness Program in Developing Tourism Awareness Among Second Grade Primary School Students, Unpublished Master's Thesis, King Faisal University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. - Al-Ajlouni, Abdullah (2016) The Development of Tourism in Jordan: A Study of Tourism Awareness Among Students of Private Jordanian Universities, Case Study of Irbid National University and Jadara University, Journal of the Academy for Social and Human Studies, Issue (15), Volume (1), pp. 48-63. - Al-Azazi, Tarek (2022) The Role of the University in Developing Tourism Awareness Among Its Students: A Case Study of Suez Canal University, International Journal of Heritage, Tourism, and Hospitality, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 376-414. - Lotifa Baqouma & Warda Mahjoubi (2018) The Role of Media in Developing Tourism Awareness: The Algerian Tourist Newspaper as a Model, Unpublished Master's Thesis, Algeria. - Al-Maamari, Saif & Al-Hadabiya, Ruqayyah (2022) The Level of Sustainable Tourism Awareness Among Ninth Grade Female Students at Al-Rumaith School for Basic Education, Sultan Qaboos University Journal, Issue (1), Volume (1), pp. 23-41. - World Travel and Tourism Council, 2011. - Shambling, D., Sihombing, M., Lubis, S., and Tarmizi, H. B. (2019)Community Tourism Awareness Influence Against Tourism Development And Regional Development In North Tapanuli Regency, Indonesia. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 10(3). -van Niekerk, M., & Saayman, M. (2013). The influences of tourism awareness on the travel patterns and career choices of high school students in South Africa. Tourism Review, 68(4), 19-33. -Al-Hazmi, N., & Hassan, Y. (2020). Barriers on marketing tourism services and their impacts on customer awareness. Management Science Letters, 10(11), 2603-2608. -Andriansyah, A., Watriningsih, W., Hamzah, R. E., & Pertiwi, S. A. (2020). Building Tourism Awareness Areas With Local Wisdom. Petanda: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi dan Humaniora, 3(1), 40-53. -Morales-Baños, V., Borrego-Balsalobre, F. J., Díaz-Suárez, A., & López-Gullón, J. M. (2023). Levels of sustainability awareness in Spanish university students of Nautical activities as future Managers of Sports and active Tourism programmes. Sustainability, 15(3), 2733. -Nugroho, A. W., Prasetyo, S. I., Candra, I. A., Saputra, R. A., & Putra, A. S. (2023). Community-Based Tourism: Strengthening understanding and assistance in establishing tourism awareness group. Journal of Community Service and Empowerment, 4(2), 271-282. -Saarinen, J. (2010). Local tourism awareness: community views in Katutura and King Nehale conservancy, Namibia. Development Southern Africa, 27(5), 713-724 -van Niekerk, M., & Saayman, M. (2013). The influences of tourism awareness on the travel patterns and career choices of high school students in South Africa. Tourism Review, 68(4), 19-33. -Kristian, I. (2023). The Role of Tourism Awareness Groups in Increasing Tourist Visits in West Bandung Regency (Case Study at Ciburuy Tourism Object). The International Journal of Education Management and Sociology, 2(2), 78-83. Al-Maamari,S&Ruqayya,A.(2022).The level of sustainable-tourism awareness among ninth-grade female students at Al-Rumais Basic. Education school,Sultan Qaboos Univeristy,lssue(1),Volume(1),PP.23-41.